American Express Travel. Global Travel Trends Report. (2023). (2023).
Filieri, R., Raguseo, E. & Vitari, C. What moderates the influence of extremely negative ratings? The role of review and reviewer characteristics. Int. J. Hosp. Manag. 77, 333–341 (2019).
Google Scholar
Kim, M. & Kim, J. The influence of authenticity of online reviews on trust formation among travelers. J. Travel Res. 59, 763–776 (2020).
Google Scholar
Bigne, E., Ruiz, C. & Curras-Perez, R. Destination appeal through digitalized comments. J. Bus. Res. 101, 447–453 (2019).
Google Scholar
Li, S., Wang, Y., Filieri, R. & Zhu, Y. Eliciting positive emotion through strategic responses to COVID-19 crisis: evidence from the tourism sector. Tour Manag. 90, 104485 (2022).
Google Scholar
Stephen, A. T. The role of digital and social media marketing in consumer behavior. Curr. Opin. Psychol. 10, 17–21 (2016).
Google Scholar
Su, L., Yang, Q., Swanson, S. R. & Chen, N. C. The impact of online reviews on destination trust and travel intention: the moderating role of online review trustworthiness. J. Vacat Mark. 28, 406–423 (2022).
Google Scholar
González-Rodríguez, M. R., Díaz-Fernández, M. C., Bilgihan, A., Okumus, F. & Shi, F. The impact of eWOM source credibility on destination visit intention and online involvement: a case of Chinese tourists. J. Hosp. Tour Technol. 13, 855–874 (2022).
Abubakar, A. M. & Ilkan, M. Impact of online WOM on destination trust and intention to travel: A medical tourism perspective. J. Destin Mark. Manag. 5, 192–201 (2016).
Fodness, D. & Murray, B. Tourist information search. Ann. Tour Res. 24, 503–523 (1997).
Google Scholar
Filieri, R., Hofacker, C. F. & Alguezaui, S. What makes information in online consumer reviews diagnostic over time? The role of review relevancy, factuality, currency, source credibility and ranking score. Comput. Hum. Behav. 80, 122–131 (2017).
Google Scholar
Tung, V. W. S. & Ritchie, J. R. B. Exploring the essence of memorable tourism experiences. Eur. J. Inf. Syst. 38, 1–25 (2011).
Jiménez-Barreto, J., Sthapit, E., Rubio, N. & Campo, S. Exploring the dimensions of online destination brand experience: Spanish and North American tourists’ perspectives. Tour Manag Perspect. 31, 348–360 (2019).
Köchling, A. Experiential marketing as a tool to enhance tourists’ pre-travel online destination experiences? A web-based experiment. J. Destin Mark. Manag. 22, 100669 (2021).
Li, J., Xu, L., Tang, L., Wang, S. & Li, L. Big data in tourism research: A literature review. Tour Manag. 68, 301–323 (2018).
Google Scholar
Zhang, X., Cheng, L. & Ma, G. Eliciting Eudaimonic well-being in the tourism experiential space: evidence from online reviews. Tour Manag. 105, 104955 (2024).
Google Scholar
Wei, M., Liu, M., Xu, J., Li, S. & Cao, J. Understanding the influence of sensory advertising of tourism destinations on visit intention with a modified AIDA model. Asia Pac. J. Tour. Res. 27, 259–273.https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2022.2061367(2022).
Google Scholar
Ragin, C. C. Redesigning Social Inquiry: Fuzzy Sets and Beyond (University of Chicago Press, 2009).
Becker, L. & Jaakkola, E. Customer experience: fundamental premises and implications for research. J. Acad. Mark. Sci. 48, 630–648 (2020).
Google Scholar
Valta, M. et al. Effective customer journey design: consumers’ conception, measurement, and consequences. J. Acad. Mark. Sci. 47, 551–568 (2019).
Google Scholar
Schmitt, B. & Experiential Marketing J. Mark. Manag 15, 53–67 (1999).
Schmitt, B. & Zarantonello, L. Consumer experience and experiential marketing: A critical review. In Review of Marketing Research vol. 10, 25–61 (Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2013).
Brakus, J. J., Schmitt, B. H. & Zarantonello, L. Brand experience: what is it? How is it measured? Does it affect loyalty? J. Mark. 73, 52–68 (2009).
Google Scholar
Yuan, Y. H. E. & Wu, C. Relationships among experiential marketing, experiential value, and customer satisfaction. J. Hosp. Tour. Res. 32, 387–410 (2008).
Google Scholar
Tuguinay, J. A., Prentice, C. & Moyle, B. The influence of customer experience with automated games and social interaction on customer engagement and loyalty in casinos. J. Retail Consum. Serv. 64, 102830 (2022).
Google Scholar
Hsiao, C. H., Tang, K. Y. & Su, Y. S. An empirical exploration of sports sponsorship: activation of experiential Marketing, sponsorship Satisfaction, brand Equity, and purchase intention. Front Psychol 12 (2021).
Zhao, N., Hashim, N. M. H. N., Kakuda, N. & Si, S. Crafting global green consumption. J. Glob Inf. Manag. 33, 1–30 (2025).
Google Scholar
Ngan, H. F. B. & Lei, W. S. Examining the effects of augmented reality on sport event experiences and revisit intention: a comparative analysis between AR and non-AR users. Curr. Issues Tour. 28, 666–679 (2025).
Google Scholar
Barnes, S. J., Mattsson, J. & Sørensen, F. Destination brand experience and visitor behavior: testing a scale in the tourism context. Ann. Tour Res. 48, 121–139 (2014).
Google Scholar
Chen, H., Wang, Y. & Li, N. Research on the relationship of consumption Emotion, experiential Marketing, and revisit intention in cultural tourism cities: A case study. Front Psychol 13 (2020).
Reza Jalilvand, M. & Samiei, N. The impact of electronic word of mouth on a tourism destination choice. Internet Res. 22, 591–612 (2012).
Google Scholar
Wang, H. & Yan, J. Effects of social media tourism information quality on destination travel intention: mediation effect of self-congruity and trust. Front Psychol 13 (2022).
Ran, L., Zhenpeng, L., Bilgihan, A. & Okumus, F. Marketing China to U.S. Travelers through electronic word-of-mouth and destination image: taking Beijing as an example. J. Vacat Mark. 27, 267–286 (2021).
Google Scholar
Filieri, R., Lin, Z., Pino, G., Alguezaui, S. & Inversini, A. The role of visual cues in eWOM on consumers’ behavioral intention and decisions. J. Bus. Res. 135, 663–675 (2021).
Google Scholar
Heide, M., GrØnhaug, K. & Atmosphere Conceptual issues and implications for hospitality management. Scand. J. Hosp. Tour. 6, 271–286 (2006).
Google Scholar
Agapito, D., Pinto, P. & Mendes, J. Tourists’ memories, sensory impressions and loyalty: in loco and post-visit study in Southwest Portugal. Tour Manag. 58, 108–118 (2017).
Google Scholar
Song, H. J., Lee, C. K., Park, J. A., Hwang, Y. H. & Reisinger, Y. The influence of tourist experience on perceived value and satisfaction with temple stays: the experience economy theory. J. Travel Tour Mark. 32, 401–415 (2015).
Google Scholar
Sternberg, E. The iconography of the tourism experience. Ann. Tour Res. 24, 951–969 (1997).
Google Scholar
Lee, W., Gretzel, U. & Law, R. Quasi-Trial experiences through sensory information on destination web sites. J. Travel Res. 49, 310–322 (2010).
Google Scholar
Woodside, A. G. Moving beyond multiple regression analysis to algorithms: calling for adoption of a paradigm shift from symmetric to asymmetric thinking in data analysis and crafting theory. J. Bus. Res. 66, 463–472 (2013).
Google Scholar
Zhu, Y., Liu, M., Zeng, X. & Huang, P. The effects of prior reviews on perceived review helpfulness: A configuration perspective. J. Bus. Res. 110, 484–494 (2020).
Google Scholar
Cheng, Y., Wei, W. & Zhang, L. Seeing destinations through vlogs: implications for leveraging customer engagement behavior to increase travel intention. Int. J. Contemp. Hosp. Manag. 32, 3227–3248 (2020).
Google Scholar
Zhu, Z., Zhang, X., Wang, J. & Chen, S. Research on the influence of online photograph reviews on tourists’ travel intentions: rational and irrational perspectives. Asia Pac. J. Mark. Logist. 35, 17–34 (2023).
Google Scholar
Yi, T., Sun, J. & Guo, H. Understanding the impact of functional or emotional reviews on tourists’ trust and travel intentions. Transform Bus. Econ. 20, 546–565 (2021).
Holbrook, M. B. & Hirschman, E. C. The experiential aspects of consumption: consumer Fantasies, Feelings, and fun. J. Consum. Res. 9, 132 (1982).
Google Scholar
Bogicevic, V., Liu, S. Q., Kandampully, J. A., Seo, S. & Rudd, N. A. Experiential marketing to gen Z: Fine-Tuning brand experience through virtual reality. J. Hosp. Tour Res. 48, 1424–1438 (2024).
Google Scholar
Gentile, C., Spiller, N. & Noci, G. How to sustain the customer experience. Eur. Manag J. 25, 395–410 (2007).
Google Scholar
Ihtiyar, A., Barut, M. & Ihtiyar, H. G. Experiential marketing, social judgements, and customer shopping experience in emerging markets. Asia Pac. J. Mark. Logist. 31, 499–515 (2019).
Google Scholar
Rather, R. A. Customer experience and engagement in tourism destinations: the experiential marketing perspective. J. Travel Tour Mark. 37, 15–32 (2020).
Google Scholar
Bolton, N., Gustafsson, R., McColl-Kennedy, A., Sirianni, J. J., Tse, K. & N. & D. Small details that make big differences: A radical approach to consumption experience as a firm’s differentiating strategy. J. Serv. Manag. 25, 253–274 (2014).
Google Scholar
Solomon, M. R. The role of products as social stimuli: A symbolic interactionism perspective. J. Consum. Res. 10, 319 (1983).
Google Scholar
Green, P. E., Wind, Y. & Jain, A. K. Preference measurement of item collections. J. Mark. Res. 9, 371–377 (1972).
Google Scholar
Mattila, A. S. & Wirtz, J. Congruency of scent and music as a driver of in-store evaluations and behavior. J. Retail. 77, 273–289 (2001).
Google Scholar
Krishna, A., Elder, R. S. & Caldara, C. Feminine to smell but masculine to touch? Multisensory congruence and its effect on the aesthetic experience. J. Consum. Psychol. 20, 410–418 (2010).
Google Scholar
Krishna, A., Cian, L. & Sokolova, T. The power of sensory marketing in advertising. Stud. Media Commun. 10, 142–147 (2016).
Agapito, D. The senses in tourism design: A bibliometric review. Ann. Tour Res. 83, 102934 (2020).
Google Scholar
Cheng, P. & Zhang, C. Show me insides: investigating the influences of product exploded view on consumers’ mental imagery, comprehension, attitude, and purchase intention. J. Retail Consum. Serv. 70, 103168 (2023).
Google Scholar
Koranteng, F. N., Ham, J., Wiafe, I. & Matzat, U. The role of usability, aesthetics, usefulness and primary task support in predicting the perceived credibility of academic social networking sites. Behav. Inf. Technol. 41, 3617–3632. (2022).
Google Scholar
Xiong, J., Hashim, N. H. & Murphy, J. Multisensory image as a component of destination image. Tour Manag Perspect. 14, 34–41 (2015).
Haase, J., Wiedmann, K.-P. & Bettels, J. Sensory imagery in advertising: How the senses affect perceived product design and consumer attitude. J. Mark. Commun. 26, 475–487. (2020).
Google Scholar
Hsu, F. C., Liu, J. & Lin, H. Affective components of gastronomy tourism: measurement scale development and validation. Int. J. Contemp. Hosp. Manag. 34, 3278–3299 (2022).
Google Scholar
Malone, S., McKechnie, S. & Tynan, C. Tourists’ emotions as a resource for customer value Creation, Cocreation, and destruction: A customer-Grounded Understanding. J. Travel Res. 57, 843–855 (2018).
Google Scholar
Rahmani, K., Gnoth, J. & Mather, D. A. Psycholinguistic view of tourists’ emotional experiences. J. Travel Res. 58, 192–206 (2019).
Google Scholar
Barsalou, L. W. Grounded cognition. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 59, 617–645 (2008).
Google Scholar
Khan, I. et al. Do experience and engagement matter to millennial consumers? Mark. Intell. Plan. 39, 329–341 (2021).
Google Scholar
Helman, D. & CHERNATONY, L. D. Exploring the development of lifestyle retail brands. Serv. Ind. J. 19, 49–68 (1999).
Google Scholar
Tsaur, S. H., Chiu, Y. T. & Wang, C. H. The visitors behavioral consequences of experiential marketing: an empirical study on Taipei zoo. J. Travel Tour Mark. 21, 47–64 (2007).
Google Scholar
Kang, J., Manthiou, A., Sumarjan, N., Tang, L., Rebecca & (An investigation of brand experience on brand Attachment, Knowledge, and trust in the lodging industry. J. Hosp. Mark. Manag. 26, 1–22 (2017).
Choi, Y. G., Ok, C. “Michael” & Hyun, S. S. Relationships between brand experiences, personality traits, prestige, relationship quality, and loyaltyAn empirical analysis of coffeehouse brands. Int. J. Contemp. Hosp. Manag. 29, 1185–1202 (2017).
Lee, H. J. & Kang, M. S. The effect of brand experience on brand relationship quality. Acad. Mark. Stud. J. 16, 87–98 (2012).
Google Scholar
Ahn, J. & Back, K. J. Antecedents and consequences of customer brand engagement in integrated resorts. Int. J. Hosp. Manag. 75, 144–152 (2018).
Google Scholar
Cacioppo, J. T. & Petty, R. E. The need for cognition. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 42, 116–131 (1982).
Google Scholar
Sie, L., Phelan, K. V. & Pegg, S. The interrelationships between self-determined motivations, memorable experiences and overall satisfaction. J. Hosp. Tour Technol. 9, 354–379 (2018).
Stone, M. J. & Petrick, J. F. The educational benefits of travel experiences. J. Travel Res. 52, 731–744 (2013).
Google Scholar
Cachero-Martínez, S. & Vázquez-Casielles, R. Living positive experiences in store: How it influences shopping experience value and satisfaction?. J. Travel Res. 52, 731–744 (2013).
Kuo, N.-T. Effects of Travel Website Quality and Perceived Value on Travel Intention with eWOM in Social Media and Website Reviews as Moderators. J. Qual. Assur. Hosp. Tour. 25, 596–627. (2024).
Google Scholar
Zhang, X. et al. TriPlan: an interactive visual analytics approach for better tourism route planning. J. Vis. 19, 231–248 (2023).
Google Scholar
Liu, S., Zhu, S., Hou, Z. & Zhu, S. Unravelling the dynamics of knowledge sharing in the tourism tips community: based on a cognitive-motivation-behaviour model. Curr. Issues Tour. 27, 847–853. (2024).
Google Scholar
Lam, I. K. V., Dioko, L. & Li, F. Evolving self-conceptions of Chinese travellers suggested by their travel photo-sharing behaviours. J. Hosp. Tour Manag 52, 331–340 (2022).
Google Scholar
Liu, S., Zhu, S., Hou, Z. & Zhu, S. Unravelling the dynamics of knowledge sharing in the tourism tips community: based on a cognitive-motivation-behaviour model. Curr. Issues Tour. 27, 847–853 (2024).
Google Scholar
Zhang, M., Zhao, L., Zhang, Y., Liu, Y. & Luo, N. Effects of destination resource combination on tourist perceived value: in the context of Chinese ancient towns. Tour Manag Perspect. 40, 100899 (2021).
Langer, R. & Beckman, S. C. Sensitive research topics: netnography revisited. Qual. Mark. Res. Int. J. 8, 189–203 (2005).
Google Scholar
O’Donohoe, S. & Netnography Doing ethnographic research online. Int. J. Advert. 29, 328–330 (2010).
Google Scholar
Zhu, D., Wang, J., Wang, P. & Xu, H. How to frame destination foodscapes? A perspective of mixed food experience. Foods 11, 1706 (2022).
Google Scholar
Pennebaker, J. W., Francis, M. E. & Cognitive Emotional, and Language processes in disclosure. Cogn. Emot. 10, 601–626 (1996).
Google Scholar
Park, H., Jiang, S., Lee, O. K. D. & Chang, Y. Exploring the attractiveness of service robots in the hospitality industry: analysis of online reviews. Inf. Syst. Front. 26, 41–61 (2024).
Google Scholar
Schmidt, C. V. H., Gaßmann, P. S., McElvany, N. & Flatten, T. C. Angel funding and entrepreneurs’ well-being: the mediating role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. J. Bus. Ventur. 40, 106468 (2025).
Google Scholar
Pennebaker, J. W., Boyd, R. L., Jordan, K. & Blackburn, K. The development and psychometric properties of LIWC2015. (2015). http://hdl.handle.net/2152/31333
Hallikainen, H., Halinen, M., Tervonen, H., Ruusunen, N. & Wang, Y. Rating with the senses: how sensory encounters are reflected on online review ratings? Psychol. Mark. 42, 159–174 (2025).
Google Scholar
Sun, J., Schwartz, H. A., Son, Y., Kern, M. L. & Vazire, S. The Language of well-being: tracking fluctuations in emotion experience through everyday speech. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 118, 364–387 (2020).
Google Scholar
Jha, D. & Singh, R. Analysis of associations between emotions and activities of drug users and their addiction recovery tendencies from social media posts using structural equation modeling. BMC Bioinform. 21, 554 (2020).
Google Scholar
Hoppe, J. M. et al. Hotspots in the immediate aftermath of trauma – Mental imagery of worst moments highlighting time, space and motion. Conscious. Cogn. 99, 103286 (2022).
Google Scholar
Cannava, K. E., High, A. C., Jones, S. M. & Bodie, G. D. The stuff that verbal Person-Centered support is made of: identifying linguistic markers of more and less supportive conversations. J. Lang. Soc. Psychol. 37, 656–679 (2018).
Google Scholar
Kindermann, B. et al. Experimentally induced distraction impacts cognitive but not emotional processes in think-aloud cognitive assessment. Front Psychol 5 (2014).
O’Riordan, T., Millard, D. E. & Schulz, J. Is critical thinking happening? Testing content analysis schemes applied to MOOC discussion forums. Comput. Appl. Eng. Educ. 29, 690–709 (2021).
Google Scholar
Deng, S., Jiang, Y., Li, H. & Liu, Y. Who contributes what? Scrutinizing the activity data of 4.2 million Zhihu users via immersion scores. Inf. Process. Manag. 57, 102274 (2020).
Google Scholar
Gorrell, G. & Bontcheva, K. Classifying < scp > T witter favorites: Like, bookmark, or thanks? J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. 67, 17–25 (2016).
Google Scholar
Walther, J. B., DeAndrea, D., Kim, J. & Anthony, J. C. The influence of online comments on perceptions of Antimarijuana public service announcements on YouTube. Hum. Commun. Res. 36, 469–492 (2012).
Google Scholar
Gligor, D. & Bozkurt, S. FsQCA versus regression: the context of customer engagement. J. Retail Consum. Serv. 52, 101929 (2020).
Google Scholar
Ben Jabeur, S., Belhaj Hassine, R. & Mefteh-Wali, S. Firm financial performance during the financial crisis: A French case study. Int. J. Finance Econ. 26, 2800–2812 (2021).
Google Scholar
Ho, J., Plewa, C. & Lu, V. N. Examining strategic orientation complementarity using multiple regression analysis and fuzzy set QCA. J. Bus. Res. 69, 2199–2205 (2016).
Google Scholar
Veríssimo, J. M. C. Usage intensity of mobile medical apps: A Tale of two methods. J. Bus. Res. 89, 442–447 (2018).
Google Scholar
Fiss, P. C. Building better causal theories: A fuzzy set approach to typologies in organization research. Acad. Manage. J. 54, 393–420 (2011).
Google Scholar
Pappas, I. O. & Woodside, A. G. Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA): guidelines for research practice in information systems and marketing. Int J. Inf. Manag 58 (2021).
Hersel, M. C., Gangloff, K. A. & Shropshire, C. Mixed Messages: Crisis Communication–Dismissal (In)Coherence and Shareholder Trust Following Misconduct. Acad. Manage. J. 66, 638–666. (2023).
Google Scholar
Vasist, P. N. & Krishnan, S. Powered by innovation, derailed by disinformation: A multi-country analysis of the influence of online political disinformation on nations’ innovation performance. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change. 199, 123029 (2024).
Google Scholar
Chang, K. C. & Cheng, Y. S. How sensory perceptions and sensory brand experience influence customer behavioral intentions in the context of cartoon-themed restaurants. Int. J. Hosp. Manag. 115, 103604 (2023).
Google Scholar
Chen, H. T. & Lin, Y. T. A study of the relationships among sensory experience, emotion, and buying behavior in coffeehouse chains. Serv. Bus. 12, 551–573 (2018).
Google Scholar
Molinillo, S., Navarro-García, A., Anaya-Sánchez, R. & Japutra, A. The impact of affective and cognitive app experiences on loyalty towards retailers. J. Retail Consum. Serv. 54, 101948 (2020).
Google Scholar
Ta, A. H., Aarikka-Stenroos, L. & Litovuo, L. Customer experience in circular economy: experiential dimensions among consumers of reused and recycled clothes. Sustainability 14, 509 (2022).
Google Scholar
Sohn, D. Anatomy of interaction experience: distinguishing sensory, semantic, and behavioral dimensions of interactivity. New. Media Soc. 13, 1320–1335 (2011).
Google Scholar
Assaker, G. & O’Connor, P. eWOM platforms in moderating the relationships between political and terrorism Risk, destination Image, and travel intent: the case of Lebanon. J. Travel Res. 60, 503–519 (2021).
Google Scholar
link
More Stories
Inside the World of a Luxury Travel Agency
Explorers’ Edge Launches First Overnight Package Under Regenerative Travel Agency
Online Travel Agency Closes $2 Million Funding Round